moller



' 1,586,689 H. MULLER ENGINE GOVERNOR June I 1926.

Eiledjlay 29, 1924 s Sheets-Sheet 1 I Fig. 4.

June 1 1926.

H. MULLER ENGINE GOVERNOR Filed May 29. 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 1 1926.

H. MULLER ENGINE GOVERNOR Filed Mag 29, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented June 1, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH Mlll'I-LER, OF BREMEN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO AGTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT WESER, OF. BREMEN, GERMANY, A GORlORATION OF GERMANY.

ENGINE GOVERNOR.

Application filed May 29, 1924, Serial No. 716,760, and in Germany March 13, 1924.

This invention relates to a speed governor, more particularly for internal combustion engines, of the kind in which a swinging weight, which is influenced by the engine speed, is caused to control pawls, which affect the operation of a lever-and-link system of the fuel feed mechanism. In these governors, heretofore mostly used for marine engines, the fuel feed is entirely out off, at every speed exceeding); the normal, by a single sudden movement. With such a method of operation, the governor is not adapted for internal combustion engines, particularly multicylinder marine Diesel engines. To render such a governor available for such use, the lever-and-link system can be so constructed that, when it is actuated by a slight excess speed of the engine, only some of the fuel pumps employed are rendered inoperative, whereby the feed of the fuel is diminished but is not entirely out off. However prior governors of this kind lack a means for cutting out the remaining fuel pumps in order to stop the engine in an emergency, as when the shaftbrealrs. Uniform actuation of the controlling means of all the pumps to shut off the fuel each time the governor acts, is not permissible, since then the engine would stop each time and have to be started. again.

In order to malre such governors suitable for. all conditions of operation of Diesel engines, 'the present invention provides a construction and arrangement in which the lever system, controlling the fuel feed, is actuated from the governor to a greater or less degree, as occasion demands. It is therefore possible to control the fuel feed by the governor not only for relatively 'ght excess speeds, but also to entirely out off the food when something breaks and the engine starts to race. The invention can also he used for delicate governing by a gradual diminution of the fuel feed as the engine speed increases.

The drawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention; wherein Figure 1 is a front elevation of the governor, F 2 a side view thereof, Fig. 3 is a side view of a part of the governor showing a position of the pawl, Fig. 4; is a side view similar to Fig. 3 showing the pawl in a different position, Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic View showing the overnor connected with the :fuel pump, 1g, dshown one form of a valve actuat ing means, and Fig. 7 is a detail of a modified pawl arrangement.

The governor, the main parts of which are already known, is secured, as usual, to a swinging element 1 of the engine, see Fig. 5, which is connected, for enample, with the air pump drive of the Diesel engine, and therefore always moves with said element. The governor comprises a weight 2, sus pended for oscillation, for example, in a plane at right angles to the plane of oscillation of the element 1. llorn'ially this weight hangs down, in the position shown. in Fig. 2, but it rises when the engine speed exceeds a certain limit. The weight carries arms 3, the ends of which are slotted to engage pins 4 carried by the upper pawl and the lower pawl 6. These pawls are pivoted on the base-plate 7, secured to the element 1, and are therefore swung on their pivots in opposite directions when the weight 9 rises.

When the weightis in its lower position of rest, the upper pawl 5 is displaced outwardly, as shown in Fig. 2, while the lower pawl 6 is retracted towards the base-plate 7. In this position, the outwardly displaced upper pawl 5 moves the lever 8, connected with the lever-and-link system 9, 10, and 11, conously the lower pawl 6 is moved into the path of the lever 8, see o, and as the element 1 swings upwardly, the pawl 6 engages the lever 8, which is accordingly moved in the direction of the arrow :0 1n Fig. 5. The fuel feed is now effected by means of the lever system 9, 10, and 11, for example, by the holding open of the suction valves 14 of a certain number of the fuel pumps of the engine, whereby the desired reduction in engine speed results. The weight 2 is provided. with a lug or tooth shaped projection 15, see Fig. 1, in or over which a pawl 17, controlled by a sarirlg 16, engages whenthe weight rises, 1a....lds

the weight in its upper position and the pawl 6 in its outer position, so that itwill act with certainty on the lever 8. In the subsequent downward swing of the element 1, the lever 8 engages under the pawl 17,-

holding the weight raised, and disengages said pawl, whereupon the weight can swing downwardly again. This again reverses the positions of the pawls 5 and 6, returns lever 8 to its central position and trees the fuel feed mechanism. These operations are repeated at each upward and downward swing of the element 1 whenever the normal engine speed is exceeded by a certain amount. This construction and method of operation constitute the subject matter of my prior Patent No. 1,520,593, issued December 23, 1924:. I

Should it be required, however, to suddenly stop the engine, as for instance it a shaft breaks, provision must be made for cutting out, not only some of the fuel pumps, as above described, but also the remaining pump, For this purpose, a third or shut oit pawl 18, which also acts on lever 8, is provided". In the embodiment illustrated, this pawl is mounted ooaxially with the pawl 6, which causes the partial interruption of the fuel feed, and extends further than said pawl 6. Pawl 18 is held, in its position of rest, out o1 the path of lever 8 by a cam 20, or the like, bearing against a lower surface or extension off the pawl and mounted on the shaft 21 of the auxiliary weight 22, which also swings out when the engine speed becomes excessive. A

spring; 23 tends to turn the pawl" 18 one wardly on its pivot 24; into the path of lever 8, but this movement is prevented by the cam 20, when the auxiliary weight is in its lower position shown in Figs. 2 and 3'. Instead of the spring 23, a suitable weight, not shown, may be used.

W hen the engine speed exceeds the predetermii'ied limit, the pawl 6' is first br'ought into the path of the lever 8 by the means described, Fig. 3, and therebythe fuel teed isv partially interrupted. i i hen the speed becomes excessively high, for example, and in consequence the shaft breaks, the auxiliary weight swings out also, and the pawl 18 is released from the cam 20. Consequently this pawl is also moved outwardly, by the spring 2 into the path of the lever 8, see Fig. 4. Since it extends further than the pawl 6, it imparts a further displacement to the lever 8 in the next upward swing of the element 1, whereby the remaining iiuel feed is likewise cut oil and the engine is instantly stopped. This additional shutting o'ii' of the fuel feed can be accomplished, as shown in Fig. 6, by forming the end of the lever arm 11 as a crossp'iece 25, or by attaching such a cross-piece to said arm, and mounting press'ers 26 and 27, of different lengths, in said cross-piece, said pressers acting on the suction valves 13 and 1 1. According to the number of fuel. pumps which are to be rendered inoperative in the first stage by the operation of the pawl 6, a corresponding number of longer presser's 27 are provided which, when the cross-piece 25 is displaced, will at once act to hold the valves 1st of those pumps open, while the remaining pressers 26 merely approach the corresponding valve stems but do not atiect them. Only in the second stage, when the pawl 18 is released and the cross-piece 25 is still further displaced, do all the pressers act on the valve stems to hold the valves open and thereby entirely stop the fuel feed. In Fig. 6 it is assumed that three out of five fuel pun'ips are rendered inoperative in the first stage by the longer pressers 27, and that the remaining two pumps are out out in the second stage by the shorter pressers 26. T he lever-and link system can be provided with a handle 12, by means of which the fuel pumps can be set in operation again.

In order to completely describe the fuel supply mechanism, reference is made to Fig. 5 in which the pressers 26 and 27 operate on the valves 13 and 14 of the suction valves 31 arranged in the pump housing 32; The pump pistons 35 are driven by suitable eccentrics. The suction valves 31 are operated by means of a lever system 37 and eccentrically mounted at 38. The supply of oil is shown at 3 1 and the overflow at 33.

When the auxiliary weight 22 swings out, the pawl 6 is held in its outer position by a cam 28 on the shaft of said weight engaging under a surface 29 on said pawl, until the weight returns to its normal position. The pawl 18 is also retained in its outer position until the weight returns, since it is freed from the active face of the cam 20 when the latter is turned by the swinging oi the auxiliary weight.

The invention may also be embodied in an arrangement comprising a plurality of pawls of graduated lengths in combination with a final pawl 18 for the complete cut oil, w iereby the fuel feed is gradually and progressively diminished and the engine speed correspondingly more; accurately governed, These intern'iediate pawls are essentially of the same shape and arrangement as the pawl 18. l'Vith each intermediate pawl there must-be provided an auxiliary weight of suitable mass depei'ii'lent upon the engine speed at which it is to act.

Instead of pawls 0i difierent lengths, pawls of equal length may be used, the lever 8 being then provided with abutments 30 of a length sufficient to provide for its varied displacement, see Fig. 7, said abutments coact'ing with the intermediate and final pawls 18. If, for example, the lever has been moved by he first pawl 6 into the dotted line position of Fig. 7, its abutment 30 is within the reach of the succeeding pawl 18 when that one moves into action. The extent of projection 01": the abutments must correspond, in principle, to the distance of the first pawl in its outer position from the lever, multiplied by the number of the succeeding pawls. i

The governor can be used both for steam engines and for internal combustion engines, so that for both cases only one basic c011- struction need be made.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An engine governor for an engine having a control lever comprising a base plate; a pair of pawls pivoted to said base plate and being adapted to operate and control the lever in order to control the speed of the engine; and a shut-off pawl which directly actuates the lever in order to completely operate the lever to stop the engine upon excessive speeds.

A speed governor, adapted for use in connection with. internal combustion engines, comprising the combination with a swinging weight, the position otl' which depends upon the engine speed, fuel supply controlling mechanism, lever-and-link system connccted to said mechanism, and a pair of pawls adapted and arranged to be alternately moved by the swinging of said weight into position to affect said system so as to partially cut off the fuel supply and to restore said system to normal, respectively, of a third pawl of greater extent adapted and arranged to entirely out off the fuel supply, an auxiliary swinging weight acting on said third pawl to hold it normally out of operative position, and a spring to move said third. pawl into operative position when the engine speed becomes excessive.

3. In a governor comprising a lever and a weight pivotally mounted on an oscillating part of the engine, fuel supply means and connections between. said means and lever, a pair of pawls operatively connected to said weight so as to be moved thereby into the path of oscillation of said lover, a shut off pawl adapted to be moved into said path, a second pivoted weight controlling the movement of said shutoff pawl, the latter being longer than the pawls of the pair of pawls so that the shut-oil pawl moves said lever to a greater extent than the pair of pawls, and tuel supply valves connected. to said lever.

i. In an engine governor of the hind described, the combination with. means for autontiatically holding some of the fuel sup ply valves open when the speed exceeds a certain amount, of means for holding the remaining valves open when the speed becomes excessive, both said means being operable from a moving part of the engine through a lever-and-link system, separate swinging weights, each controlling one'ot' said means, and a plurality of pawls, each controlled by a separate one of said weights and all acting upon one and the same lever of said system.

5. An engine governor for an engine having a control lever comprising a base plate; a pair of pawls pivoted to said base plate and adapted to operate and control the lever in order to control the speed of the engine; a shut-oil pawl pivoted on said base plate which directly actuates the lever in order to completely operate the lever to stop the engine; upon excessive speeds; and means for governing the operation of the shutofl' pawl.

6. An engine governor for an engine having a control lever comprising a base plate adapted to be oscillated by an engine; a pair of pawls pivoted to said base plate and adapted to operate the lever in order to control the speed of the engine; a shut-oft pawl pivoted on said base plate and adapted to completely operate the lever to stop the engine; and an auxiliary weight. for governing and permitting the operation 01 the shut-ofi' pawl.

T. An engine governor for an engine having a control lever comprising a base plate adapted to be oscillated by an engine; a governor weight pivoted to said plate; a pair of pawls pivoted to said base plate and adapted to be operated by said weight to operate the lever in order to control the speed of the engine; a shut-off pawl pivoted on said base plate and adapted to completely operate the lever to stop the engine; and an auxiliary weight tor governing the operation of the shut-otl pawl.

8. An engine governor for an engine hav ing a control. lover comprising a base plate adapted to be oscillated by an engine; a governor weight pivoted to said plate; a pair of pawls pivoted to said base plate and adapted to be operated by said weight to operate the lever in order to control the speed of the engine; shutbfi pawl pivotal w ly and (Jo-axially mounted with one of said pair of pawls on said plate adapted to con1- pletely operate the lever to stop the engine; an auxiliary weight tor governing the opera tion of the shut-otlt pawl; and a spring for operating said shut-off pawl when released by said auxiliary weight.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

HEINRICH MULLER, 

